Mongolia

Ulaanbaatar · East Asia

Mongolia is a country in Asia. Its capital city is Ulaanbaatar, the official currency is the Tögrög, and the main language is Mongolian.

With a population of roughly 3.4 million people spread over 1,564,110 km², Mongolia is the 131st most populous country in the world and the 18th largest by area. That works out at about 2 people per square kilometre.

Mongolia shares land borders with Russia and China — 2 neighbours in all. Its largest urban centres are Ulaanbaatar, Erdenet and Darkhan. The highest point in the country is Khüiten Peak, at 4,374 metres.

For scale, it covers almost exactly the same area as Iran, while its population is closest to that of Moldova.

Capital
Ulaanbaatar
Region
East Asia
Population
3,400,000
Area
1,564,110 km²
Currency
Tögrög
Main language
Mongolian
Highest point
Khüiten Peak
4,374 m
Land borders
2

Mongolia: things worth knowing

  • Mongolia is the most sparsely populated sovereign country in the world.
  • Ulaanbaatar is the coldest national capital on Earth by average annual temperature.
  • A significant share of the population still lives nomadically or semi-nomadically in gers.

Mongolia in context

Asia has 48 sovereign countries in total. Mongolia ranks 40th among them by population.

See the full list of Asia countries, or browse all 195 countries.

Other countries in Asia